“承受巨大压力”英语怎么说
“承受巨大压力”的英文：under great pressure
pressure 读法 英
1、n. 压力；压迫， 压强
2、vt. 迫使；密封；使……增压
短语：
1、pressure vessel 压力容器
2、high blood pressure 高血压
3、water pressure 水压力
4、air pressure 气压；风压
5、under the pressure of 在…压力下
扩展资料
一、pressure的词义辨析：
strain，stress，pressure，tension这些名词均有“压力，重压，紧张”之意。区别：
1、strain指某人为克服外力界压力而造成的身心和情绪等方面的压抑。用于物时，指任何力或合力作用于一个物体上面造成的应变。
2、stress侧重指承受外来的压力，也指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张。
3、pressure在科学上，指单位面积上所受到的压力。用于引申时，指某事物所产生的压力或影响力等。
4、tension多指因关系不好或其它原因而出现的紧张状态，也指某物被过度伸展的程度或状态。
二、pressure的近义词：heat
heat 读法 英
1、n. 高温；压力；热度；热烈
2、vt. 使激动；把…加热
短语：
1、heat flux 热流，热通量
2、high heat 高热量
3、heat energy 热能
4、heat pipe 热管；热导管
提单上的vessel什么意思
一、vessel意思是
1、n. 船，舰； 脉管，血管；容器，器皿
2、n. (Vessel)人名；(荷)费塞尔；(俄、意、捷)韦塞尔
二、vessel读音是
英
三、短语
1、vessel 船舶容器飞船日本威威
2、pressure vessel 压力容器加硫罐高压容器压力器皿
3、direct vessel 直达船只中转船只直达船
4、reaction vessel 反应容器反应器反应锅反应釜
5、survey vessel 测量船勘探船丈量船调查船
扩展资料：
vessel近义词是container
container
英 /kənˈteɪnə(r)/ 美 /kənˈteɪnər/
n. 集装箱；容器
短语
1、container terminal 集装箱码头集装箱装卸区装箱码头
2、container yard 集装箱堆场集装箱后方堆场货柜堆场装箱堆场
3、waste container垃圾桶废物容器废物箱垃圾桶
4、Container leasing 集装箱租赁装箱租赁
pressure-vessel是什么意思
n.
压力容器
If the reactor pressure vessel is damaged, melted fuel could escape into the containment vessel, which serves as the final barrier.
若反应堆的压力容器受损，熔解的燃料可能会逃逸到密封装置中，而密封装置是最后一道防线。
裸露英文
裸露英文：uncovered; exposed; nudity; bare; naked.
双语例句：
-
1、
在那山谷里，地质学家发现了许多裸露的化石。
The geologist found many uncovered fossils in the valley.
-
2、
结果表明，全厂断电事故发生后，大约1～2h堆芯上部会裸露，压力容器在5～7h后失效。
The results show that the top of core will be uncovered about 1~ 2 hours later, and the reactor pressure vessel will fail after 5~ 7 hours.
-
3、
在裸露的山坡上庄稼没法生长。
The crops will not grow on exposed hillsides.
-
4、
他用力扯去了地毯，只剩下裸露的地板。
He had ripped up the carpet, leaving only the bare boards.
-
5、
有些裸露场面被认为太过火了，不适合在百老汇上演。
Some of the nude scenes were regarded as too hot for Broadway.
-
6、
小屋的橡木梁裸露着。
The cottage had exposed oak beams.
reactor这个单词的中文意思
reactor
n.
One that reacts to a stimulus.
Electronics
A circuit element, such as a coil, used to introduce reactance.
Physics
A nuclear reaction.
reactor
One that reacts to a stimulus.
反应者对刺激起反应的人
Electronics
【电子学】
A circuit element, such as a coil, used to introduce reactance.
电抗器一种例如线圈般的环状物质，能够产生电抗
Physics
【物理学】
A nuclear reaction.
核反应
reactor
react反应＋－or 人或物
n
核反应堆
反应器
reactor
n.
引起(或经受)反应作用的人或物
反动者
【化】反应器
【电】电抗器, 电抗线圈, 电焊阻流圈
(原子)反应堆
【医】(对外来物质)呈阳性反应的人或动物
reactor-converter
n.
反应堆转换器
reactor-down
n.
反应堆功率下降
reactor-grade
adj.
适用于反应堆的
reactor-irradiated
adj.
反应堆中被辐照的
reactor-irradiator
n.
反应堆辐照器
reactor-produced
adj.
反应堆中制备的
reactor-up
n.
反应堆功率增长
advanced thermal converter reactor
新型转换堆
boiling water reactor
沸水堆
chemical reactor
化学反应器
chemonuclear reactor
化学核反应堆
chromatographic reactor
色谱反应器
controlled reactor
可控反应堆, 可控电抗器
controlled magnetic core reactor
磁心控制扼流圈
converter reactor
转换堆
fission-type reactor
核裂变反应堆
fixed bed catalytic reactor
固定床催化反应器
fixed-film biological reactor
固定膜生物反应器
flame reactor
火焰(喷射)反应器
heat reactor
热化反应堆
heavy-water reactor
重水反应堆
heterogeneous reactor
非均质反应堆
high temperature gascooled reactor
高温气冷堆
hyperformer reactor
超重整反应器; 钴-钼催化剂上重整设备的反应器
image reactor
像反应堆
impedance matching reactor
阻抗匹配电抗线圈
industrial reactor
工业用原子反应堆; 工业用原子炉
light-water reactor
轻水堆
molten salt reactor
熔盐反应堆
mother reactor
母型反应堆
multipurpose high temperature gas reactor
多用途高温气体堆
neutral reactor
中性线接地电抗器; 中和电抗器
no-core reactor
无铁心扼流圈
non-saturable reactor
不饱和扼流圈
不饱和电抗器
normal pressure reactor
常压反应器
nuclear reactor
(原子)核反应堆
nuclear test reactor
核试验反应堆
power reactor
动力(反应)堆
pressure vessel reactor
【核】压力容器式(反应)堆
production reactor
【核】生产(反应)堆
proportioning reactor
(电磁)比例电抗器
propulsion reactor
【核】推进用反应堆
protective reactor
防护扼流圈
prototype reactor
原型(反应)堆
pulse type reactor
脉冲(型)反应器
pulsed-neutron reactor
脉冲中子(反应)堆
pyrolysis reactor
热解反应器
reactor
n.反应堆
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code是什么意思
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
ASME锅炉和压力容器规范
双语对照
词典结果：
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
美国机械工程师协会锅炉和压力容器规范;
以上结果来自金山词霸
例句:
1.
The powerful system has the capacity to propel thousands of gallons of water a minutethroughout a reactor pressure vessel and storage pool.
这种强力的系统有能力在一分钟内驱动上千加仑的水流经反应堆的高压容器和储存
———————————–
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求关于蒸汽分水器英文文献
Boiling water reactor
A boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light-water nuclear reactor developed by the General Electric Company in the mid 1950s.
The BWR is characterized by two-phase fluid flow (water and steam) in the upper part of the reactor core. Light water (i.e., common distilled water) is the working fluid used to conduct heat away from the nuclear fuel. The water around the fuel elements also “thermalizes“ neutrons, i.e., reduces their kinetic energy, which is necessary to improve the probability of fission of fissile fuel. Fissile fuel material, such as the U-235 and Pu-239 isotopes, have large capture cross sections for thermal neutrons.
Comparison with other reactors
Light water is ordinary water. In comparison, some other water-cooled reactor types use heavy water, such as the Canadian made CANDU reactor series. In heavy water, the deuterium isotope of hydrogen replaces the common hydrogen atoms in the water molecules (D2O instead of H2O, molecular weight 20 instead of 18).
The Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) was the first type of light-water reactor developed because of its application to submarine propulsion. The civilian motivation for the BWR is reducing costs for commercial applications through design simplification and lower pressure components. There are no naval BWR type reactors. The description of BWRs below describes civilian reactor plants in which the same water used for reactor cooling is also used in the Rankine cycle turbine generators.
In contrast to the pressurized water reactors that utilize a primary and secondary loop, in civilian BWRs the steam going to the turbine that powers the electrical generator is produced in the reactor core rather than in steam generators or heat exchangers. There is just a single circuit in a civilian BWR in which the water is at lower pressure (about 75 times atmospheric pressure) compared to a PWR so that it boils in the core at about 285°C. The reactor is designed to operate with steam comprising 12–15% of the volume of the two-phase coolant flow (the “void fraction“) in the top part of the core, resulting in less moderation, lower neutron efficiency and lower power density than in the bottom part of the core. In comparison, there is no significant boiling allowed in a PWR because of the high pressure maintained in its primary loop (about 158 times atmospheric pressure).
Feedwater
Inside of a BWR reactor pressure vessel (RPV), feedwater enters through nozzles high on the vessel, well above the top of the nuclear fuel assemblies (these nuclear fuel assemblies constitute the “core“) but below the water level. The feedwater is pumped into the RPV from the condensers located underneath the low pressure turbines and after going through feedwater heaters that raise its temperature using extraction steam from various turbine stages.
The feedwater enters into the downcomer region and combines with water exiting the water separators. The feedwater subcools the saturated water from the steam separators. This water now flows down the downcomer region, which is separated from the core by a tall shroud. The water then goes through either jet pumps or internal recirculation pumps that provide additional pumping power (hydraulic head). The water now makes a 180 degree turn and moves up through the lower core plate into the nuclear core where the fuel elements heat the water. When the flow moves out of the core through the upper core plate, about 12 to 15% of the flow by volume is saturated steam. Actually, a typical core-average void fraction is ~40% although core flow may be 100E6 lb/hr with 14.5E6 lb/hr steam flow. These sort of values may be found in each plant’s publically available Technical Specifications, Final Safety Analysis Report, or Core Operating Limits Report.
The heating from the core creates a thermal head that assists the recirculation pumps in recirculating the water inside of the RPV. A BWR can be designed with no recirculation pumps and rely entirely on the thermal head to recirculate the water inside of the RPV. The forced recirculation head from the recirculation pumps is very useful in controlling power, however. The thermal power level is easily varied by simply increasing or decreasing the speed of the recirculation pumps.
The two phase fluid (water and steam) above the core enters the riser area, which is the upper region contained inside of the shroud. The height of this region may be increased to increase the thermal natural recirculation pumping head. At the top of the riser area is the water separator. By swirling the two phase flow in cyclone separators, the steam is separated and rises upwards towards the steam dryer while the water remains behind and flows horizontally out into the downcomer region. In the downcomer region, it combines with the feedwater flow and the cycle repeats.
The saturated steam that rises above the separator is dried by a chevron dryer structure. The steam then exits the RPV through four main steam lines and goes to the turbine.
Control systems
Reactor power is controlled via two methods: by inserting or withdrawing control rods and by changing the water flow through the reactor core.
Positioning (withdrawing or inserting) control rods is the normal method for controlling power when starting up a BWR. As control rods are withdrawn, neutron absorption decreases in the control material and increases in the fuel, so reactor power increases. As control rods are inserted, neutron absorption increases in the control material and decreases in the fuel, so reactor power decreases. Some early BWRs and the proposed ESBWR designs use only natural ciculation with control rod positioning to control power from zero to 100% because they do not have reactor recirculation systems.
Changing (increasing or decreasing) the flow of water through the core is the normal and convenient method for controlling power. When operating on the so-called “100% rod line,“ power may be varied from approximately 70% to 100% of rated power by changing the reactor recirculation system flow by varying the speed of the recirculation pumps. As flow of water through the core is increased, steam bubbles (“voids“) are more quickly removed from the core, the amount of liquid water in the core increases, neutron moderation increases, more neutrons are slowed down to be absorbed by the fuel, and reactor power increases. As flow of water through the core is decreased, steam voids remain longer in the core, the amount of liquid water in the core decreases, neutron moderation decreases, fewer neutrons are slowed down to be absorbed by the fuel, and reactor power decreases.
Steam Turbines
Steam produced in the reactor core passes through steam separators and dryer plates above the core and then directly to the turbine, which is part of the reactor circuit. Because the water around the core of a reactor is always contaminated with traces of radionuclides, the turbine must be shielded during normal operation, and radiological protection must be provided during maintenance. The increased cost related to operation and maintenance of a BWR tends to balance the savings due to the simpler design and greater thermal efficiency of a BWR when compared with a PWR. Most of the radioactivity in the water is very short-lived (mostly N-16, with a 7 second half life), so the turbine hall can be entered soon after the reactor is shut down.
Safety
Like the pressurized water reactor, the BWR reactor core continues to produce heat from radioactive decay after the fission reactions have stopped, making nuclear meltdown possible in the event that all safety systems have failed and the core does not receive coolant. Also like the pressurized water reactor, a boiling-water reactor has a negative void coefficient, that is, the thermal output decreases as the proportion of steam to liquid water increases inside the reactor. However, unlike a pressurized water reactor which contains no steam in the reactor core, a sudden increase in BWR steam pressure (caused, for example, by a blockage of steam flow from the reactor) will result in a sudden decrease in the proportion of steam to liquid water inside the reactor. The increased ratio of water to steam will lead to increased neutron moderation, which in turn will cause an increase in the power output of the reactor. Because of this effect in BWRs, operating components and safety systems are designed to ensure that no credible, postulated failure can cause a pressure and power increase that exceeds the safety systems’ capability to quickly shutdown the reactor before damage to the fuel or to components containing the reactor coolant can occur.
In the event of an emergency that disables all of the safety systems, each reactor is surrounded by a containment building designed to seal off the reactor from the environment.
Size
A modern BWR fuel assembly comprises 74 to 100 fuel rods, and there are up to approximately 800 assemblies in a reactor core, holding up to approximately 140 tonnes of uranium. The number of fuel assemblies in a specific reactor is based on considerations of desired reactor power output, reactor core size and reactor power density.
The current generation of BWRs, in operation in Japan, are called Advanced Boiling Water Reactors (ABWR).
Advantages
* The reactor vessel and associated components operate at a substantially lower pressure (about 75 times atmospheric pressure) compared to a PWR (about 158 times atmospheric pressure).
* Pressure vessel is subject to significantly less irradiation compared to a PWR, and so does not become as brittle with age.
* Operates at a lower nuclear fuel temperature.
* Fewer components due to no steam generators and no pressurizer vessel. (Older BWRs have external recirculation loops, but even this piping is eliminated in modern BWRs, such as the ABWR.)
* Lower risk (probability) of a rupture causing loss of coolant compared to a PWR, and lower risk of a severe accident should such a rupture occur. This is due to fewer pipes, fewer large diameter pipes, fewer welds and no steam generator tubes.
* Measuring the water level in the pressure vessel is the same for both normal and emergency operations, which results in easy and intuitive assessment of emergency conditions.
* Can operate at lower core power density levels using natural circulation without forced flow.
* A BWR may be designed to operate using only natural circulation so that recirculation pumps are eliminated entirely. (The new ESBWR design uses natural circulation.)
Disadvantages
* Complex operational calculations for managing the utilization of the nuclear fuel in the fuel elements during power production due to “two phase fluid flow“ (water and steam) in the upper part of the core (less of a factor with modern computers). More incore nuclear instrumentation is required.
* Much larger pressure vessel than for a PWR of similar power, with correspondingly higher cost. (However, the overall cost is reduced because a modern BWR has no main steam generators and associated piping.)
* Contamination of the turbine by short-lived activation products. This means that shielding and access control around the steam turbine are required during normal operations due to the radiation levels arising from the steam entering directly from the reactor core.
* Control rods are inserted from below for current BWR designs. There are two available hydraulic power sources that can drive the control rods into the core for a BWR under emergency conditions. There is a dedicated high pressure hydraulic accumulator and also the pressure inside of the reactor pressure vessel available to each control rod. Either the dedicated accumulator (one per rod) or reactor pressure is capable of fully inserting each rod. Most other reactor types use top entry control rods that are held up in the withdrawn position by electromagnets, causing them to fall into the reactor by gravity if power is lost.
希望可以帮到你
郭江的学术及主要科研成果
1、论文、专著及教材
郭江，李朝晖，曾洪涛．面向水电厂维护的分布式协同决策支持系统研究，中国电机工程学报，2005，25（15）：127~132．
郭江，李朝晖，陈燚涛．水轮发电机组及其操作可视化仿真系统，中国电机工程学报，2005，25（7）：137~143．
郭江，罗云，赵向平，曾洪涛．基于B/C/S的机组远程协作诊断决策支持系统研究，华中科技大学学报（自然科学版），2005，33（6）：70~72．. Jiang Guo， 郭江，李朝晖．面向电厂维护的机组诊断服务器设计与实现，计算机工程与应用,2005,33:226~229
郭江，李朝晖．水轮机调速系统优化维护系统研究，水利水电技术，2005，36（7）：106~109
郭江，罗云，李朝晖．面向电厂维护的机组状态远程监视平台构建，水电自动化与大坝监测，2005，29(1)：29~32
郭江，李朝晖．水轮机调速系统优化维护单元信息平台设计，水电能源科学，1999，17(4)：56~59
李朝晖，郭江．调速器液压系统的故障诊断及可靠控制策略，水电能源科学，1999，17(3)：40~44
曾洪涛，李朝晖，郭江．基于Community Intelligence的水电厂维护协同决策支持系统研究，电力系统及其自动化学报，2005,17(5):22-28
吴道虎，郭江，李敬武．工业Ethernet在远程实时控制系统中的具体，电子技术应用，2002(9)：31～33
黄传国，郭江，李朝晖．基于RTLinux的实时控制系统，电子技术应用，2002(8)：13～15
霍志红，张志学，郭江，唐必光．基于神经网络的故障诊断研究，工业控制计算机，2001，14(10)：19～212、
2.代表性论著和教材
郭江,王先锋,刘亚锦.基于知识网格的核电设备动态安全评估体系.武汉大学学报（工学版），2014，47（5）:1671-8844.
范明树，郭江，张珂斐，袁方，曾洪涛.调速器液压随动系统故障诊断系统.排灌机械工程学报，2014年06期:1674-8530.
谷凯凯，郭江.紧致融合模糊集和故障树的变压器故障诊断研究.高电压技术，2014，40（5）.
郭江，白伟民，冯智慧，谷凯凯，曾兵，刘亚锦.基于PDCA的核电站稳压器老化和寿命管理方法研究.WCICA,2012:3082-3086.
吴志芳，郭江，孙宇，谷凯凯，曾兵，白伟民，刘亚锦.基于J2EE的电厂标识系统设计与开发.WCICA，2012:4045-4949.
郭江，冯智慧，谷凯凯，白伟民，曾兵，刘亚锦.水电厂标识系统编码软件平台设计与开发.WCICA，2012:4035-4939.
郭江，曾兵，曹禹，贡建兵，辛剑军，肖志怀.梯级水电站大坝巡检系统信息组织方法.水电自动化与大坝监测，2011,35（1）：25-28.
张泰来，郭江，万遂.核电机组缺陷与风险管理体系及方法研究.武汉大学学报（工学版），2011,44（5）：650-653+658.
JiangGUO,MeiWU,jingLV,Ya-jinLIU,Yi-xinWANG.Research on Ontology-based Maintenance Knowledge Expressing of Power Plants.The 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE2010),2010:8338-5340.
JiangGUO,jingLV,Ya-jinLIU,Yi-xinWANG,Research on Aging and Life Management System of Reactor Pressure Vessel of Nuclear Power Station. The 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE2010),2010:5998-6000.
JiangGUO,Mei WU,jing, LV,Kai-kai GU,Yi-xin WANG, Research on Cooperative Maintenance Decision System for Power Plant, The International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Automatic Control (ICEEAC2010), 2010: V4-418/V4-421.
JiangGuo,JunfangZhang,YixinWang,QijuanChen,HongyunWang.The Control-Maintenance-Management System Based on the Internet of Things for Life Cycle of Valves.Power and Energy Engineering Conference (PEEC 2010),2010:758-761.
YajinLiu,Jiang Guo,MeiWu,PengLiu,LinZhou.Ageing and Life Management System of Nuclear Steam Generator.Power and Energy Engineering Conference (PEEC 2010),2010: 584-587.
JiangGuo,Kai-kaiGu,Ya-jinLiu,Yi-xinWang.Cooperative Maintenance Decision System for Power Plant Based on Swam Intelligence. Sixth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC2010),Yantai,China, 2010,August10-12:2903-2907.
郭江，林霖，曹禺，曾兵，肖志怀．基于Web的水电站大坝巡检系统设计与开发．水电能源科学，2010，28(7)：54-56．
JiangGUO,YajinLIU,XianglianXU,QijuanCHEN.Integrated distributed bond graph modeling and neural network for fault diagnosis system of hydro turbine governors. Kybernetes, systems and management sciences, 2010,Vol. 39Iss:6,pp.925–934.
Guo,Jiang;Liu,Yajin;Gu,Kaikai;Wu,Mei;Liu,Peng;Zhou,Lin;Jiang,Jiawang; Wang,Yong.Ageing management system of the steam generator of the nuclear power plant. 1st International Conference on Information Science and Engineering,ICISE2009/December26,2009-December28,2009/Nanjing,China, 2009:2266-2269.
Liu,Yajin;Guo,Jiang;Liu,Peng;Zhou,Lin;Jiang,Jin.Virtual reality based nuclear steam generator ageing and life management systems.6th International Symposium on Neural Networks,ISNN 2009/May 26,2009-May 29,2009/Wuhan,China,2009/5553LNCS/PART 3:1230-1239.
Jingdi,Ji;Jiang,Guo;Qijuan,Chen.Study on Soft-Sensing Technique based HV Standard Impulse Parameter Evaluation Analysis System. 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation,WCICA’08/June25,2008-June27, 2008/Chongqing,China,2008:9147-9151
郭江，刘亚锦，邹积岩．面向优化检修的真空断路器状态监测与诊断．高压电器，2007年12月/第43卷6期：454-456．
GuoJiang,LiuYajin,XiaoZhihuai,ChenQijuan,XuXianglian.B/C/Sbased remote condition monitoring and diagnostic support system,InternationalConferenceonWireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing(WiCOM2007):6256-6259.
郭江，曾洪涛，肖志怀．基于知识网格的电厂协同维护决策支持系统探讨．电力系统自动化,2007,85-90.
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这句话谁能帮我翻译一下
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设备规格反应堆压力容器热绝缘！
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反应堆压力容器设备规格的热绝缘材料
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反应堆压力容器设备规格的热绝缘材料